# 3D Earth and Celestial Bodies
# =============================

# Plot the solar system in PyVista using datasets from the
# `planets` module.
# This example is inspired by planet3D-MATLAB.

# NOTE:
#     The purpose of this example is to demonstrate plotting celestial bodies and
#     may lack astronomical precision. There may be inaccuracies in the
#     representation, so please take care when reusing or repurposing this
#     example.
#     Please take a look at libraries like astropy
#     if you wish to use Python for astronomical calculations.

import pyvista as pv
from pyvista import examples

# Plot the Solar System with Stars in the Background
# ==================================================

# This section relies on calculations in Visualizing Celestial Bodies in 3D.
# Light of the Sun.
light = pv.Light()
light.set_direction_angle(30, -20)

# Load planets
mercury = examples.planets.load_planet(radius=2439.0)
mercury_texture = examples.planets.download_mercury_surface(texture=True)

venus = examples.planets.load_planet(radius=6052.0)
venus_texture = examples.planets.download_venus_surface(texture=True)

earth = examples.planets.load_planet(radius=6378.1)
earth_texture = examples.load_globe_texture()

mars = examples.planets.load_planet(radius=3397.2)
mars_texture = examples.planets.download_mars_surface(texture=True)

jupiter = examples.planets.load_planet(radius=71492.0)
jupiter_texture = examples.planets.download_jupiter_surface(texture=True)

saturn = examples.planets.load_planet(radius=60268.0)
saturn_texture = examples.planets.download_saturn_surface(texture=True)
# Saturn's rings range from 7000.0 km to 80000.0 km from the surface of the planet
inner = 60268.0 + 7000.0
outer = 60268.0 + 80000.0
saturn_rings = examples.planets.load_planet_rings(inner=inner, outer=outer)
saturn_rings_texture = examples.planets.download_saturn_rings(texture=True)

uranus = examples.planets.load_planet(radius=25559.0)
uranus_texture = examples.planets.download_uranus_surface(texture=True)

neptune = examples.planets.load_planet(radius=24764.0)
neptune_texture = examples.planets.download_neptune_surface(texture=True)

pluto = examples.planets.load_planet(radius=1151.0)
pluto_texture = examples.planets.download_pluto_surface(texture=True)

# Move planets to a nice position for the plotter. These numbers are not
# grounded in reality and are for demonstration purposes only.
mercury.translate((0.0, 0.0, 0.0), inplace=True)
venus.translate((-15000.0, 0.0, 0.0), inplace=True)
earth.translate((-30000.0, 0.0, 0.0), inplace=True)
mars.translate((-45000.0, 0.0, 0.0), inplace=True)
jupiter.translate((-150000.0, 0.0, 0.0), inplace=True)
saturn.translate((-400000.0, 0.0, 0.0), inplace=True)
saturn_rings.translate((-400000.0, 0.0, 0.0), inplace=True)
uranus.translate((-600000.0, 0.0, 0.0), inplace=True)
neptune.translate((-700000.0, 0.0, 0.0), inplace=True)

# Add planets to Plotter.
pl = pv.Plotter(lighting='none')
cubemap = examples.download_cubemap_space_4k()
_ = pl.add_actor(cubemap.to_skybox())
pl.set_environment_texture(cubemap, is_srgb=True, resample=1 / 64)
pl.add_light(light)
pl.add_mesh(mercury, texture=mercury_texture, smooth_shading=True)
pl.add_mesh(venus, texture=venus_texture, smooth_shading=True)
pl.add_mesh(earth, texture=earth_texture, smooth_shading=True)
pl.add_mesh(mars, texture=mars_texture, smooth_shading=True)
pl.add_mesh(jupiter, texture=jupiter_texture, smooth_shading=True)
pl.add_mesh(saturn, texture=saturn_texture, smooth_shading=True)
pl.add_mesh(saturn_rings, texture=saturn_rings_texture, smooth_shading=True)
pl.add_mesh(uranus, texture=uranus_texture, smooth_shading=True)
pl.add_mesh(neptune, texture=neptune_texture, smooth_shading=True)
pl.add_mesh(pluto, texture=pluto_texture, smooth_shading=True)
pl.show()

# Plot the Planets and their Textures
# ===================================

# Each planet here is in a different subplot. The planet's textures are from
# Solar Textures.
pl = pv.Plotter(shape=(3, 2))
pl.subplot(0, 0)
pl.add_text('Mercury')
pl.add_mesh(examples.planets.download_mercury_surface(), rgb=True)
pl.subplot(0, 1)
pl.add_mesh(mercury, texture=mercury_texture)
pl.subplot(1, 0)
pl.add_text('Venus')
pl.add_mesh(examples.planets.download_venus_surface(atmosphere=True), rgb=True)
pl.subplot(1, 1)
pl.add_mesh(venus, texture=venus_texture)
pl.subplot(2, 0)
pl.add_text('Mars')
pl.add_mesh(examples.planets.download_mars_surface(), rgb=True)
pl.subplot(2, 1)
pl.add_mesh(mars, texture=mars_texture)
pl.show(cpos='xy')

# Plot the Atmosphere and Surface of Venus
# ========================================

# Here we plot Venus with and without its atmosphere.
venus = examples.planets.load_planet(radius=6052.0)
atmosphere_texture = examples.planets.download_venus_surface(
    atmosphere=True, texture=True
)
surface_texture = examples.planets.download_venus_surface(atmosphere=False, texture=True)

pl = pv.Plotter(shape=(1, 2))
pl.subplot(0, 0)
pl.add_text('Venus Atmosphere')
pl.add_mesh(venus, texture=atmosphere_texture, smooth_shading=True)
pl.subplot(0, 1)
pl.add_text('Venus Surface')
pl.add_mesh(venus, texture=surface_texture, smooth_shading=True)
pl.link_views()
pl.show(cpos='xy')

# Plot the Earth and Prime Meridian
# =================================

# Plot the prime meridian at 0° longitude.
# The prime meridian lies in the XZ plane on the +X side of Earth.
earth = examples.planets.load_planet(radius=6378.1)
earth_texture = examples.load_globe_texture()

# Slice Earth with the XZ plane to create the full meridian circle
meridian_circle = earth.slice('y')

# Keep the +X half of the meridian circle (0° longitude)
prime_meridian = meridian_circle.clip('x', origin=(0, 0, 0), invert=False)

pl = pv.Plotter()
pl.add_title('Prime Meridian of Earth', font_size=12)

pl.add_mesh(
    earth,
    texture=earth_texture,
    smooth_shading=True,
)
pl.add_mesh(
    prime_meridian,
    color='magenta',
    line_width=10,
    label='Prime Meridian',
)

pl.show_axes()
pl.show()

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Generated by sphinx-examples-as-code https://github.com/pyvista/sphinx-examples-as-code